Ulcerative colitis (UC) is a chronic non-specific inflammation that mainly affects the mucosa of the rectum and colon, with abdominal pain, diarrhea, mucus and bloody stools as the main clinical manifestations...
In 1983, Australian scholars Warren and Marshall first isolated Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) from human gastric mucosa, which is a plasmid free Gram negative bacterium capable of producing toxins...
In clinical hepatobiliary surgery, bile duct obstruction and cholestasis are common pathological environments. Prolonged obstruction can induce permanent liver damage and even develop into liver fibrosis and cirrhosis...
China is a high-risk area for liver disease, with the development process of liver disease ranging from hepatitis, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis to the later stage leading to liver cancer...